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Kai Tao

Developer

Kai Tao

69313318+vanzue@users.noreply.github.com

109 commits~6 files/commit

Performance

YoY:+13700%
2026Previous year

Insights

Key patterns and highlights from this developer's activity.

Peak MonthFeb'26248 performance
Growth Trend↑78%vs prior period
Avg Files/Commit6files per commit
Active Days87of 455 days
Top RepoPowerToys109 commits

Effort Over Time

Breakdown of growth, maintenance, and fixes effort over time.

Bug Behavior

Beta

Bugs introduced vs. fixed over time.

Investment Quality

Beta

Reclassifies engineering effort based on bug attribution. Commits that introduced bugs are retrospectively counted as poor investments.

53%Productive TimeGrowth 44% + Fixes 56%
35%Maintenance Time
13%Wasted Time
How it works

Methodology

Investment Quality reclassifies engineering effort based on bug attribution data. Commits identified as buggy origins (those that introduced bugs later fixed by someone) have their grow and maintenance time moved into the Wasted Time category. Their waste (fix commits) remains counted as productive. All other commits retain their standard classification: grow is productive, maintenance is maintenance, and waste (fixes) is productive.

Relationship to Growth / Maintenance / Fixes

The standard model classifies commits as Growth, Maintenance, or Fixes. Investment Quality adds a quality lens: a commit that introduced a bug is retrospectively counted as a poor investment — the engineering time spent on it was wasted because it ultimately required additional fix work. Fix commits (Fixes in the standard model) are reframed as productive, because fixing bugs is valuable work.

Proposed API Endpoint

Currently computed client-side from commit and bug attribution data. Ideal server-side endpoint:

POST /v1/organizations/{orgId}/investment-quality
Content-Type: application/json

Request:
{
  "startTime": "2025-01-01T00:00:00Z",
  "endTime": "2025-12-31T23:59:59Z",
  "bucketSize": "BUCKET_SIZE_MONTH",
  "groupBy": ["repository_id" | "deliverer_email"]
}

Response:
{
  "productivePct": 74,
  "maintenancePct": 18,
  "wastedPct": 8,
  "buckets": [
    {
      "bucketStart": "2025-01-01T00:00:00Z",
      "productive": 4.2,
      "maintenance": 1.8,
      "wasted": 0.6
    }
  ]
}

Recent Activity

Latest analyzed commits from this developer.

HashMessageDateFilesEffort
21f06b8This commit introduces a **new capability** for the **Always On Top** utility, enabling users to **independently configure hotkeys** for increasing and decreasing the opacity of pinned windows. Previously, these opacity shortcuts were hardcoded to share modifiers with the main pin hotkey, limiting user customization. The change updates the **Always On Top module's backend** to register and handle these new hotkeys, persists their settings, and modifies the **Settings UI** to provide dedicated controls for `Increase Opacity` and `Decrease Opacity` hotkeys. Additionally, it refines the hotkey interception logic in `dllmain.cpp` to ensure opacity changes only apply to actively pinned windows, passing through hotkeys for unpinned windows to minimize impact.Mar 2411grow
99706d4This commit introduces a **feature enhancement** to the **PowerToys Command Palette extension** for **FancyZones**, enabling users to **pin FancyZones layout application commands** to the dock. Previously, these commands lacked unique identifiers, preventing them from being pinned. The change involves assigning unique IDs to `ApplyFancyZonesLayoutCommand` instances, facilitated by new helper classes like `FancyZonesCommandIds` for ID generation and parsing, and `FancyZonesContextHelper` for context building. This significantly improves the usability of FancyZones by allowing quick access to specific layout configurations directly from the Command Palette.Mar 195grow
87b24afThis commit implements a **security fix** to prevent a **local privilege escalation vulnerability** in **PowerToys per-machine installations**. It addresses a weakness where the `DSCModules` directory had overly permissive Access Control Lists (ACLs), allowing low-privileged users to plant malicious DLLs. The fix **hardens the installer** by enforcing correct ACLs on the `DSCModules` folder via a new WiX component defined in `installer/PowerToysSetupVNext/DscResources.wxs`. This prevents **DLL hijacking** and significantly improves the security posture for users.Mar 172waste
0c2d24cThis commit **refactors the PowerToys Extension build process** by switching from a `PackageReference` to a **project reference** for a key dependency. This change in **dependency management** aims to ensure strict consistency of `winmd` files between the extension host and the extension itself. By using a project reference, the build system can expose SDK "first day problems" earlier, improving overall stability. This **build system improvement** is expected to **resolve issues where PowerToys extensions fail to start**, enhancing the reliability of the extension ecosystem.Mar 1610–
da3b12dThis commit introduces a **maintenance fix** to the **CI/CD pipeline infrastructure** by integrating a NuGet authentication task into the `job-build-project.yml` template. This **resolves pipeline failures** that were occurring due to issues with package restoration during the build process. By ensuring proper NuGet authentication, the **build pipeline** will now reliably restore dependencies, preventing future build breaks for all projects utilizing this template. This **chore** improves the stability and reliability of the automated build system.Mar 111maint
ed16ae7This commit provides a **bug fix** for **ZoomIt** addressing a critical issue where users could not save trimmed videos or initiate new recording sessions. The problem arose because the `StartRecordingAsync` function retained temporary recording stream and session objects during the save workflow, leading to file access conflicts and preventing subsequent operations. The fix ensures these resources are properly released *before* the save/trim process begins, preventing the application from entering a stuck state. This resolves core functionality for video recording and editing within the **ZoomIt** module.Mar 101waste
f82fb2aThis commit **fixes a bug** in the **NewPlus** module where attempting to change the status of the built-in "New" context menu item could lead to an error. It **refactors** the `NewPlusViewModel` to incorporate robust **error handling** and ensure UI state consistency when performing registry operations to enable or disable the built-in "New" option. This prevents crashes and provides a new localized error message in `Resources.resw` if registry modifications fail. As a result, users will experience a more reliable **NewPlus** feature, with accurate feedback and a stable user interface when managing the built-in "New" context menu.Mar 102waste
0aca7c2This commit **reverses the activation logic** for the **Cursor Wrap** utility within the **MouseUtils** module. Previously, holding Ctrl or Shift would disable cursor wrapping; now, these modifier keys will **enable** the wrapping behavior, making it more intuitive and consistent with similar features. This **behavior adjustment** updates the core logic in `dllmain.cpp` to invert the modifier key effect. Additionally, it includes corresponding **documentation updates** in the Settings UI resource strings (`Resources.resw`) and the `MouseUtilsViewModel.cs` to reflect the new interaction model. Users will now hold Ctrl or Shift to activate cursor wrapping, aligning with expected user experience.Mar 93maint
75fb296This commit provides a **bug fix** for the **Always On Top** PowerToy module, resolving an issue where changes to its settings would not take effect immediately. Previously, a race condition could occur between the settings worker thread and the file watcher, leading to the application of stale settings. The fix involves **refactoring** the settings management within `src/modules/alwaysontop/AlwaysOnTop/Settings.cpp` and `Settings.h` to use **atomic shared pointers** for `AlwaysOnTopSettings`. This ensures that settings are updated and read consistently across threads, preventing the use of outdated configurations. As a result, users will experience immediate application of **Always On Top** settings changes, improving the responsiveness and reliability of the feature.Mar 94maint
3d69785This commit introduces **new capabilities** to the **PowerToys Command Palette (CmdPal) extension**, allowing users to directly control features of **Mouse Without Borders (MWB)** and **Keyboard Manager (KBM)**. Users can now toggle MWB's "Easy Mouse" functionality, trigger a reconnection for MWB, and enable or disable KBM's active state, all from within CmdPal. This **enhancement** streamlines user interaction by providing quick access to these settings, leveraging new interop events defined in `src/common/interop` for seamless communication between modules. The changes involve adding new command providers and helper services within the CmdPal extension, alongside event listeners in MWB and KBM to respond to these commands.Mar 928grow
f6b0996This commit performs a **refactoring** of the **PowerToys solution structure** by correcting the folder organization for **`MouseUtils`** projects. Specifically, it moves the `MouseUtils` projects out of the `keyboardmanager` folder where they were incorrectly nested within the `PowerToys.slnx` solution file. This **maintenance** change ensures that the **solution explorer view** accurately reflects the logical grouping of projects, improving clarity for developers. It rectifies an organizational issue that was introduced in a previous commit.Mar 81maint
748d5e4This commit **removes a "New" badge** from the **System settings page** within the application's user interface. This is a **maintenance chore** to prevent a misleading visual indicator, as no new modules were introduced in release 98 that would warrant the badge. The change **improves UI accuracy** and user experience by ensuring only genuinely new features are highlighted, avoiding confusion for users navigating the settings.Mar 82–
1718cecThis commit **fixes a critical failure in the release pipeline** by **correcting file paths** within the `.pipelines/ESRPSigning_core.json` configuration. Specifically, it updates the references for the `KeyboardManagerEditorUI` executable and its associated DLL to their correct location within the `WinUI3Apps` directory. This **pipeline configuration bug fix** resolves a "file not found" error during the signing process, ensuring that new releases can be properly signed and deployed.Mar 81waste
a953a39This commit significantly enhances the **developer experience** for PowerToys extension contributors by **introducing a comprehensive guide** for **local development** within the `src/modules/cmdpal/doc` directory. The new `powertoys-extension-local-development.md` document provides crucial instructions for setting up and working on extensions. Additionally, this **maintenance chore** includes the **cleanup of an unused MSIX declaration**, streamlining the project's build configuration. This work collectively improves the ease of contributing to PowerToys extensions and maintains a cleaner codebase.Mar 72maint
d28f312This commit introduces a **new capability** to the **Copilot release note generation skill**, enabling it to accurately identify and quote co-authors in the generated release notes. This **feature enhancement** ensures that all contributors, including co-authors, receive proper attribution, improving the completeness and fairness of release documentation. The `dump-prs-since-commit.ps1` script was updated to retrieve co-author information, and associated documentation and sample outputs were adjusted to reflect this expanded attribution. The change primarily affects the **release note generation process**, leading to more comprehensive and inclusive contributor recognition.Mar 45maint
95835a4This commit introduces a **defensive mechanism** within the **Always On Top** module to prevent potential command ID collisions in the **window system menu**. The `AlwaysOnTop.cpp` logic is updated to **deduplicate** the "Always On Top" command ID by checking for existing menu items and their ownership before injecting its own. This **bug fix** ensures that the feature's system menu entry is unique, thereby avoiding UI conflicts and ensuring reliable operation when interacting with other applications. The change primarily affects the **Always On Top** module's integration with the Windows system menu, improving its robustness and compatibility.Mar 31waste
494c14fThis commit implements a **new feature** for the **AlwaysOnTop** utility, enabling users to toggle a window's "always on top" status directly from its system context menu. This enhancement provides an alternative and more accessible interaction method for pinning windows, complementing the existing keyboard shortcut. The change involves significant updates to the **AlwaysOnTop module's core logic** in `AlwaysOnTop.cpp` for system menu integration, alongside **updates to the Settings UI** to expose a new `ShowInSystemMenu` option. This improves user experience by offering a more intuitive way to manage window pinning, with associated localization and unit test updates.Feb 2712grow
cdeae7cThis commit performs **UI maintenance** by **removing the "new" info badge** from the **PowerToys Settings UI**. It updates `src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/Views/ShellPage.xaml` to no longer display this indicator next to the 'Input & Output' and 'Mouse Utilities' navigation items. Additionally, the `src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/ViewModels/DashboardViewModel.cs` is modified to always set the `IsNew` property to `false` during `DashboardModule` creation, effectively **disabling the "new" badge mechanism across all modules**. This change refines the user experience by indicating that these features are no longer considered recently introduced.Feb 262grow
c013122This commit delivers a **bug fix** for the **Settings UI** module, addressing an issue where the settings process would not properly terminate. Previously, closing secondary windows like `Scoobe`, `Oobe`, or `Shortcut Conflict` dialogs could leave the main settings process running in the background. This change ensures that the **Settings application** correctly shuts down when all its windows are closed, preventing the process from lingering and consuming system resources unnecessarily.Feb 251waste
8e264d3This commit **resolves a critical CI/CD pipeline failure** by ensuring that the `PowerToys.Common.UI.Controls.dll` is properly signed during the release process. Previously, the release pipeline would fail due to this new DLL lacking a digital signature, preventing successful builds and deployments. By updating the `.pipelines/ESRPSigning_core.json` configuration, this **maintenance fix** integrates the DLL into the existing signing workflow. This change is crucial for the **continuous integration and delivery** of PowerToys, allowing the release pipeline to pass successfully and enable future releases.Feb 131maint
21f06b8Mar 24

This commit introduces a **new capability** for the **Always On Top** utility, enabling users to **independently configure hotkeys** for increasing and decreasing the opacity of pinned windows. Previously, these opacity shortcuts were hardcoded to share modifiers with the main pin hotkey, limiting user customization. The change updates the **Always On Top module's backend** to register and handle these new hotkeys, persists their settings, and modifies the **Settings UI** to provide dedicated controls for `Increase Opacity` and `Decrease Opacity` hotkeys. Additionally, it refines the hotkey interception logic in `dllmain.cpp` to ensure opacity changes only apply to actively pinned windows, passing through hotkeys for unpinned windows to minimize impact.

11 filesgrow
99706d4Mar 19

This commit introduces a **feature enhancement** to the **PowerToys Command Palette extension** for **FancyZones**, enabling users to **pin FancyZones layout application commands** to the dock. Previously, these commands lacked unique identifiers, preventing them from being pinned. The change involves assigning unique IDs to `ApplyFancyZonesLayoutCommand` instances, facilitated by new helper classes like `FancyZonesCommandIds` for ID generation and parsing, and `FancyZonesContextHelper` for context building. This significantly improves the usability of FancyZones by allowing quick access to specific layout configurations directly from the Command Palette.

5 filesgrow
87b24afMar 17

This commit implements a **security fix** to prevent a **local privilege escalation vulnerability** in **PowerToys per-machine installations**. It addresses a weakness where the `DSCModules` directory had overly permissive Access Control Lists (ACLs), allowing low-privileged users to plant malicious DLLs. The fix **hardens the installer** by enforcing correct ACLs on the `DSCModules` folder via a new WiX component defined in `installer/PowerToysSetupVNext/DscResources.wxs`. This prevents **DLL hijacking** and significantly improves the security posture for users.

2 fileswaste
0c2d24cMar 16

This commit **refactors the PowerToys Extension build process** by switching from a `PackageReference` to a **project reference** for a key dependency. This change in **dependency management** aims to ensure strict consistency of `winmd` files between the extension host and the extension itself. By using a project reference, the build system can expose SDK "first day problems" earlier, improving overall stability. This **build system improvement** is expected to **resolve issues where PowerToys extensions fail to start**, enhancing the reliability of the extension ecosystem.

10 files–
da3b12dMar 11

This commit introduces a **maintenance fix** to the **CI/CD pipeline infrastructure** by integrating a NuGet authentication task into the `job-build-project.yml` template. This **resolves pipeline failures** that were occurring due to issues with package restoration during the build process. By ensuring proper NuGet authentication, the **build pipeline** will now reliably restore dependencies, preventing future build breaks for all projects utilizing this template. This **chore** improves the stability and reliability of the automated build system.

1 filesmaint
ed16ae7Mar 10

This commit provides a **bug fix** for **ZoomIt** addressing a critical issue where users could not save trimmed videos or initiate new recording sessions. The problem arose because the `StartRecordingAsync` function retained temporary recording stream and session objects during the save workflow, leading to file access conflicts and preventing subsequent operations. The fix ensures these resources are properly released *before* the save/trim process begins, preventing the application from entering a stuck state. This resolves core functionality for video recording and editing within the **ZoomIt** module.

1 fileswaste
f82fb2aMar 10

This commit **fixes a bug** in the **NewPlus** module where attempting to change the status of the built-in "New" context menu item could lead to an error. It **refactors** the `NewPlusViewModel` to incorporate robust **error handling** and ensure UI state consistency when performing registry operations to enable or disable the built-in "New" option. This prevents crashes and provides a new localized error message in `Resources.resw` if registry modifications fail. As a result, users will experience a more reliable **NewPlus** feature, with accurate feedback and a stable user interface when managing the built-in "New" context menu.

2 fileswaste
0aca7c2Mar 9

This commit **reverses the activation logic** for the **Cursor Wrap** utility within the **MouseUtils** module. Previously, holding Ctrl or Shift would disable cursor wrapping; now, these modifier keys will **enable** the wrapping behavior, making it more intuitive and consistent with similar features. This **behavior adjustment** updates the core logic in `dllmain.cpp` to invert the modifier key effect. Additionally, it includes corresponding **documentation updates** in the Settings UI resource strings (`Resources.resw`) and the `MouseUtilsViewModel.cs` to reflect the new interaction model. Users will now hold Ctrl or Shift to activate cursor wrapping, aligning with expected user experience.

3 filesmaint
75fb296Mar 9

This commit provides a **bug fix** for the **Always On Top** PowerToy module, resolving an issue where changes to its settings would not take effect immediately. Previously, a race condition could occur between the settings worker thread and the file watcher, leading to the application of stale settings. The fix involves **refactoring** the settings management within `src/modules/alwaysontop/AlwaysOnTop/Settings.cpp` and `Settings.h` to use **atomic shared pointers** for `AlwaysOnTopSettings`. This ensures that settings are updated and read consistently across threads, preventing the use of outdated configurations. As a result, users will experience immediate application of **Always On Top** settings changes, improving the responsiveness and reliability of the feature.

4 filesmaint
3d69785Mar 9

This commit introduces **new capabilities** to the **PowerToys Command Palette (CmdPal) extension**, allowing users to directly control features of **Mouse Without Borders (MWB)** and **Keyboard Manager (KBM)**. Users can now toggle MWB's "Easy Mouse" functionality, trigger a reconnection for MWB, and enable or disable KBM's active state, all from within CmdPal. This **enhancement** streamlines user interaction by providing quick access to these settings, leveraging new interop events defined in `src/common/interop` for seamless communication between modules. The changes involve adding new command providers and helper services within the CmdPal extension, alongside event listeners in MWB and KBM to respond to these commands.

28 filesgrow
f6b0996Mar 8

This commit performs a **refactoring** of the **PowerToys solution structure** by correcting the folder organization for **`MouseUtils`** projects. Specifically, it moves the `MouseUtils` projects out of the `keyboardmanager` folder where they were incorrectly nested within the `PowerToys.slnx` solution file. This **maintenance** change ensures that the **solution explorer view** accurately reflects the logical grouping of projects, improving clarity for developers. It rectifies an organizational issue that was introduced in a previous commit.

1 filesmaint
748d5e4Mar 8

This commit **removes a "New" badge** from the **System settings page** within the application's user interface. This is a **maintenance chore** to prevent a misleading visual indicator, as no new modules were introduced in release 98 that would warrant the badge. The change **improves UI accuracy** and user experience by ensuring only genuinely new features are highlighted, avoiding confusion for users navigating the settings.

2 files–
1718cecMar 8

This commit **fixes a critical failure in the release pipeline** by **correcting file paths** within the `.pipelines/ESRPSigning_core.json` configuration. Specifically, it updates the references for the `KeyboardManagerEditorUI` executable and its associated DLL to their correct location within the `WinUI3Apps` directory. This **pipeline configuration bug fix** resolves a "file not found" error during the signing process, ensuring that new releases can be properly signed and deployed.

1 fileswaste
a953a39Mar 7

This commit significantly enhances the **developer experience** for PowerToys extension contributors by **introducing a comprehensive guide** for **local development** within the `src/modules/cmdpal/doc` directory. The new `powertoys-extension-local-development.md` document provides crucial instructions for setting up and working on extensions. Additionally, this **maintenance chore** includes the **cleanup of an unused MSIX declaration**, streamlining the project's build configuration. This work collectively improves the ease of contributing to PowerToys extensions and maintains a cleaner codebase.

2 filesmaint
d28f312Mar 4

This commit introduces a **new capability** to the **Copilot release note generation skill**, enabling it to accurately identify and quote co-authors in the generated release notes. This **feature enhancement** ensures that all contributors, including co-authors, receive proper attribution, improving the completeness and fairness of release documentation. The `dump-prs-since-commit.ps1` script was updated to retrieve co-author information, and associated documentation and sample outputs were adjusted to reflect this expanded attribution. The change primarily affects the **release note generation process**, leading to more comprehensive and inclusive contributor recognition.

5 filesmaint
95835a4Mar 3

This commit introduces a **defensive mechanism** within the **Always On Top** module to prevent potential command ID collisions in the **window system menu**. The `AlwaysOnTop.cpp` logic is updated to **deduplicate** the "Always On Top" command ID by checking for existing menu items and their ownership before injecting its own. This **bug fix** ensures that the feature's system menu entry is unique, thereby avoiding UI conflicts and ensuring reliable operation when interacting with other applications. The change primarily affects the **Always On Top** module's integration with the Windows system menu, improving its robustness and compatibility.

1 fileswaste
494c14fFeb 27

This commit implements a **new feature** for the **AlwaysOnTop** utility, enabling users to toggle a window's "always on top" status directly from its system context menu. This enhancement provides an alternative and more accessible interaction method for pinning windows, complementing the existing keyboard shortcut. The change involves significant updates to the **AlwaysOnTop module's core logic** in `AlwaysOnTop.cpp` for system menu integration, alongside **updates to the Settings UI** to expose a new `ShowInSystemMenu` option. This improves user experience by offering a more intuitive way to manage window pinning, with associated localization and unit test updates.

12 filesgrow
cdeae7cFeb 26

This commit performs **UI maintenance** by **removing the "new" info badge** from the **PowerToys Settings UI**. It updates `src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/SettingsXAML/Views/ShellPage.xaml` to no longer display this indicator next to the 'Input & Output' and 'Mouse Utilities' navigation items. Additionally, the `src/settings-ui/Settings.UI/ViewModels/DashboardViewModel.cs` is modified to always set the `IsNew` property to `false` during `DashboardModule` creation, effectively **disabling the "new" badge mechanism across all modules**. This change refines the user experience by indicating that these features are no longer considered recently introduced.

2 filesgrow
c013122Feb 25

This commit delivers a **bug fix** for the **Settings UI** module, addressing an issue where the settings process would not properly terminate. Previously, closing secondary windows like `Scoobe`, `Oobe`, or `Shortcut Conflict` dialogs could leave the main settings process running in the background. This change ensures that the **Settings application** correctly shuts down when all its windows are closed, preventing the process from lingering and consuming system resources unnecessarily.

1 fileswaste
8e264d3Feb 13

This commit **resolves a critical CI/CD pipeline failure** by ensuring that the `PowerToys.Common.UI.Controls.dll` is properly signed during the release process. Previously, the release pipeline would fail due to this new DLL lacking a digital signature, preventing successful builds and deployments. By updating the `.pipelines/ESRPSigning_core.json` configuration, this **maintenance fix** integrates the DLL into the existing signing workflow. This change is crucial for the **continuous integration and delivery** of PowerToys, allowing the release pipeline to pass successfully and enable future releases.

1 filesmaint

Work Patterns

Beta

Commit activity distribution by hour and day of week. Shows when this developer is most active.

Collaboration

Beta

Developers who frequently work on the same files and symbols. Higher score means stronger code collaboration.

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OrganizationsDistributionCompareResearch